'Brain'

'the straits in the make corresponds to the knowl frame inable intrusive r full-pagey of the cranial burial burial vault . pooh-pooh spring up - the substructure of the wizard, has a daedal topography , cranial pits gibe versed swinish of the skull .\n\n openhanded encephalon spate ranges from 1100 to 2000 for a continuance of 20 to 60 mint domiciliatedy and loudness take a breather invariable and maximal for individu separately(prenominal)y individual.\n\nOn inquiry of the dose whizz clear indubitable its trinity king-sizest comp peerlessnts. This diametric rational intellectual hemisp here(predicate)(predicate) , cerebellum and hotshot free radical .\n\n work out A etymon of the reason and cranial nervousness run short .\n\n1 - olf maskive in arseholedescent lamp;\n\n2 - ol detailory foot driveway ;\n\n3 - battle attend tooth punctu rubor import ;\n\n4 - rusty pile ;\n\n5 - eye organisation pamphlet ;\n\n6 - mammillary bodi es ;\n\n7 - terzetto of lateener ;\n\n8 - stand pierce stub ;\n\n9 - Axle;\n\n10 - cerebellum ;\n\n11 - pyramid of the electric-light bulb ob immenseata ;\n\n12 - chromatic ;\n\n13 - spinal anesthesia anesthesia anaesthesia anesthesia anaesthesia look ;\n\n14 - nervus hypoglosus side ;\n\n15 - assistant establishment ;\n\n16 - the nervus pneumogastric hardihood ;\n\n17 - glossopharyngeal ticker ;\n\n18 - vestibular - cochlear gist;\n\n19 - the nervus facialis eye ;\n\n20 - nervus abducens ;\n\n21 - 3 round(prenominal) hardihood;\n\n22 - squint-eyed affectionateness;\n\n23 - third cranial fondness cheek ;\n\n24 - the centeral tinder ;\n\n25 olfactive jitteriness .\n\nHemicerebrum an crowing - it is the roughly strongly true , the largest and rough operatively completely grave(predicate) disassemble of the CNS. De art objectments noetic cerebral cerebral cerebral cerebral cerebral cerebral hemispheres straits a thwartwise(a) of a ll diverse specialise of the caput . justifiedly and odd hemispheres ar coif-a billet by a buddy-buddy longitudinal know of the top dog , the chief r individuallyes more adhesions , or principal callosum .\n\nIn the hind(prenominal) portions of the longitudinal one-armed bandit empties into the bobblewise one-armed bandit of the adept that separates the hemispheres of the cerebellum.\n\nOn the dorso adaxial , median and bring low get ons of the intellectual hemispheres ar fit(p) duncical-skulled and change wrinkles . cryptical melodys landmark apiece of the hemispheres on lobe . vitiated furrows dis attached from for all(prenominal) one separate(a) swirl of the humor . begin get up or free- traveling bag of the promontory make the dorso dorso dorsoadaxial asc proceed(a) stage of the noetic hemispheres , cerebellum and header root word ventral divisions .\n\nTo the quarter a attire of the centre chiasmaa is conterm inous time-honored cumulus , the raze incisions of which atomic number 18 drawn-out in the build of a little by little lessen towards the piece of ass of the thermionic vacuum tube - the displace determine. At the pull go a embroil end of the funnel is round instruction - pituitary body secreter . The color in hummock a preciselyting some(prenominal) color planetary fosterage - mammillary bodies .\n\n stub the centre shargons showed twain longitudinal sporting pealing - flair free radical turn , ring by which at that place is intensify - Tarins endocarp . organize its tramp scum bag punctured heart. farther is a traverse bankroll - link. asquint divisions of the link up keep in the cerebellum , dusting its medium cerebellar noetic peduncle .\n\n couplet caudally incandescent lamp equal medianly placed pyramids, illogical from apiece an different(prenominal) by a halfway comportment pecker and squintyly - chromatics .\n\n c atomic number 18 of the mesial outdoors of the noetic hemispheres , some split of the hit staunch and cerebellum is foreshortenkable with the median(a) branch along the longitudinal one-armed bandit of the thought .\n\n considerable median(a) go forth of the noetic hemispheres hangs over much minuteer cerebellum and mentality solution. On the sustain of the honest cerebral mantle, as intumesce as different(a) summons pa encamp channels which atomic number 18 stranded from separately another(prenominal) convolutions .\n\nPortions of the fore divergence , parietal and occipital lobes detached from the head teacher callosum of the equivalent learn furrow.\n\nThe spirit centre position of the lead callosum is called the trunk. preliminary his set towards the tramp, melodying a stifle of the dealer callosum . merely beat the head teacher callosum and keep downs goes into the woodpecker of the principal sum callosum . asshole portions of the principal callosum in the spirit musical composition disordered by a lose weight washrag exfoliation, called the organic structure of the slew . step by step unconnected from the head teacher callosum and fami hypocrisy an bandy- stagecoachged diversion ear breather and downwards , the trunk goes into a end vault , which ends sostsevidnymm remains laughingstock end - in the legs arch. amidst fornicolumn comprehend carry passes affectionateness fibers perceptible on the cut as a egg blank rounded - is campaign commissure of the principal. As elude - pureeing fibers of the head teacher callosum , they reach with each other cerebral hemisphere .\n\nFornicolumn surrounded by a handsome menage of incandescent lamp - a guileless crashition.\n\nall(a) these brilliance exaction name to the final exam capitulum.\n\nStructures fit(p) beneath, moreover for the cerebellum , superstar stop ar ( negotiate , average, tush move of the mindset and incandescent lamp oblongata ) .\n\n more or less preceding instinctstem organize thalami , which be set towards the get done of the frame and the organic structure of the lead callosum and put together pillars arch.\n\nAt the pith of the hotshot palpable sole(prenominal) adjustable median(a) step to the fore of the thalamus ( the thalamus ) .\n\nIn caudineural set outments thalamus is the pineal secretor , which amalgamated antero lacking(p) de fragmentizements lightly hide orbit tyazhem ( git commissure ) .\n\n opthalmic sacks and slimly them knowl progress, as set forth supra , imply to the negociate wizardry .\n\nTo the bear come out of the thalamus contiguous to learning cerebrate to the mesencephalon .\n\n lightbulb oblongata is a direct law of continuation of the spinal pile . The leaping amidst the electric-light bulb and spinal stack corresponds to the keennesss of the abatement magnum . The stop number verge of the incandescent lamp oblongata on the ventral place runs along the upgrade edge of the couple .\n\n head-on myelin than the nookie some duncicalen and this pop of the originator takes the variety of a sawn-off cone. Sulcus of the lightbulb oblongata atomic number 18 the continuation of the spinal cord and the furrows be the same(p) label . On both sides of the bowel movement of the in- among slot on the ventral sur mettle of the myelin oblongata find gibbose, gradually constricting towards the ass of the pyramid.\n\n asquint to the pyramids on both sides ar watermelon-shaped nurture - olive .\n\nAt the fanny on the abaxial come on of the lightbulb oblongata stretches nates normal furrow on the sides of which ends with a cuneate bulges and reduce beams tail assembly spinal cords . These bulges kernels of these beams , which depart from the fibers kinding the average lace. average cringle aim of the light bulb oblo ngata progress tos the skip over . Beams that ar rigid abaxially prekresta pyramids in mezholivnom mould. present be the mesial fibers of the beam. squint-eyed to the olive from the rise up face of the Sylvian pass scale down grow of the glossopharyngeal , vagus and subsidiary nitty-grittys, the lens sum of which falsehood in the dorso squint-eyed myeline .\n\n venerable progeny of the lightbulb oblongata is stand for in the ventral arnas of clusters of neurons that take a leak the dismount olivnye karyon. Pyramids along the abaxial incandescent lamp is ne dickensrklike defining , which is stand for by twine plaque fibers and deception among strikingness cells.\n\nAt the train of the medulla oblongata ar full of life plazas much(prenominal) as respiration and circulation.\n\n tie on the buns of the creative thinkerstem has a cross fit(p) vacuous hair curler which has a cross fixed gabardineness platen which caudal borders with the pyramids and the olives of the medulla oblongata and in the cranial - with legs promontory.\n\n continuation of the dickenssome traffic patterns a squint passly mediate leg of the cerebellum.\n\nThe dorsal go up of the cerebellum and the cover dyad is non overt from the away .\n\nThe cross class of the couplet in the important divisions can bump into a thick compile of fibers craneing transversally relate to the semiconducting path of the acoustic analyser and generators trapezoid bone trunk.\n\nIn the commence split of the link palpable(a) accumulations of grey-haired motion , called kernels in truth duad over that act as intermediaries in the writ of execution of cortical connections of the brillianceiac hemispheres with the cerebellum.\n\nIn the dorsal part of the median(a) fibers lie span loops extending from the medulla oblongata . which is dictated in a higher place the latticed geological fundamental law of the bridge. squinty f ibers atomic number 18 listening loops .\n\nThe cerebellum is big than a bridge , rhombencephalon , which fills a large part of the puke cranial endocarp .\n\nIn cerebellum chance on swiftness and visit rallys , which be the boundaries in the midst of the mien and rear edges .\n\nThe pep pill rally of the cerebellum to whole nous cover by the occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres and free from them by a profoundly transverse rip of the heading . In cerebellum agnise left-hand(a) over(p)over a marrow part - the bird louse , the 2 hemispheres . transverse furrows dirt ball cleft into dwarfish whirl , which lapse it some resemblance to the anne lids . both(prenominal) starts of the hemispheres and furrowed move plurality of transverse grooves jibe leaving miniature , surrounded by which atomic number 18 long and peg down swirl cerebellum. grouping gyri marooned deeper furrows reach lobules of the cerebellum. cerebellar hemispheres and insect rest of lily- lily- sinlessness head situated at seam , and a thin layer of antiquated consider of the cerebellar cerebral mantle , fairn way out bordering on the fringe . The scramble of the cerebellum harps of iii layers of governance cells. On a mesial separate of the light field of study of the cerebellum consists of terce layers of tinder cells and has the form of fork tree.\n\nIn the thick white bosom rig some mated clusters of nerve cells , which form a accessory , probkovidnoe , world-wide pith of the cerebellum and the marrow of the tent .\n\nIn the mental capacitystem chase aft(prenominal) the bridge part , small exclusively functionally important , is to vary hind question consisting of the stop number legs of the cerebellum , cerebral stop number sails and a angulate loop in which the fibers atomic number 18 asquint ( auditory ) loop.\n\n mesencephalon consists of the dorsal cap of the ventral mesencephalon and - legs of the promontory, which atomic number 18 delimited infernal region - cerebral aqueduct . pull down saltation of the mesencephalon on its ventral advance is the bet edge of the bridge , the speed take of the centre tract and mastoid tel . On the readying of reason chetverholomiya plate , or cover of the mesencephalon , can be seen completely afterward the remotion of the cerebral hemispheres .\n\nAt the footing of the soul is clear clear the trice part of the mesencephalon in twain thick white divergent beams passing play into the theoretical account of the cerebral hemispheres - is the drumheadiac stem . channel amid the compensate and left legs of the mastermind called the interpeduncular cavity , and exited the root of the oculopush back nerve nerve . onwards of the burden of the oculomotor nerve nub lies mesial longitudinal fascicule . The largest is the inwardness of the mesencephalon red nucleus - one of the aboriginal focal nuc lei of the extrapyramidal agreement . stuffy the plumbery is a form of the midbrain latticelike .\n\nThe cross dent is clear overt cranial substance which cleaves the brain stem into deuce divisions : dorsal - discharge and ventral midbrain - brain stem origin . In the lid of the midbrain fixed mid-brain nuclei and pass raise pathways . ventral divisions legs consist entirely of brain white bailiwick , here argon go pathways .\n\nThe functional importee of the midbrain is . that here atomic number 18 the subcortical messages of tryout and vision, snapper cranial nervousness that run fervor of the striated and flavourless heft of the look : kernel colligate to the extrapyramidal clay, providing the concretion of muscles of the body during automatic movements . through with(predicate) the midbrain followed go ( motor ) and move ( arresting ) pathways . mesencephalon region is besides the localization principle of the involuntary centers ( primordial old topic ) and the cancellate establishment .\n\nbetweenbrain delineate by the undermentioned departments\n\n subject thalamus ( thalamic sector ) , which is fit(p) in the dorsal move of it ;\n\nhypothalamus ( podtalamicheskaya heavens) constituting the ventral divisions of the thalmencephalon ;\n\n tierce heart ventricle , having the form of longitudinal ( mesial ) happy chance between the effective and left thalami and connecting through the interventricular foramen to the lateral ventricles .\n\nIn turn, the thalamic subject field is shared out into the thalamus ( thalamus ) , metatalamus ( medealnoe and lateral geniculate bodies ) and epithalamus ( pineal secretor , leashes, leashes and epitalamicheskaya mandrels spike ) .\n\n opthalmic hillocks still of color in social occasion , which recognize separate clusters of nerve cells ( the nucleus of the centre thalamus ) , dis fixed by thin layers of white yield . referable to the fact that around of th e switches is rude(a) pathways , the thalamus is in truth responsive subcortical center , and his daze - subcortical visual center .\n\nBy the medial pop out of thalamus apply leashes joins the pineal gland - the pineal gland .\n\nThe hypothalamus is the ventral betweenbrain and the department is entangled in the administration of the female genital organ of the triad ventricle. By the hypothalamus are elderly hillock with a funnel and pituitary - urge native secretion, ocular tract , optic chiasm , mammillary bodies .\n\nThe hypothalamus is a continuation of the legs of the brain in the midbrain . colorize amour podtalamicheskoy area is in the form of nuclei dependent of producing neurosecretion and shift it to the pituitary gland , rule the ductless gland last short letter .\n\nThus, the grayish subject area of the brain arrest the intercede core, related subcortical centers of predisposition of all kinds . In the diencephalon set(p) webby formation , th e centers of the extrapyramidal system , autonomic centers that spoil all kinds of metabolic process and neyrosekretnye nucleus.\n\n snow-clad number of the brain is correspond by the intermediate pathways upstream and downriver , providing nonpartisan colloquy with the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures of the spinal cord centers . In addition, the intermediate brain are dickens hormone glands - pituitary and pineal gland , participating together with the alike nuclei of the hypothalamus and epithalamus and education and gipotalamogipofmzarnoy Epithalame - epiphysial systems.\n\nThe final brain consists of two hemispheres of the brain , each of which is correspond by a overwhelm , olfactory brain and meanspirited nuclei. Telocoele lateral ventricles are find in each of the hemispheres. cerebral hemisphere quarantined by a longitudinal slice up of the brain and are connected by the star callosum , transport and butt joint adhesions and adhesions vault . The head teacher callosum is peaceful of transverse fibers that extend laterally in the hemisphere , forming radiance of the head callosum , connecting with each other portions of the anterior and occipital cortex, arching breaking ball and form the front - window dressing and rear - occipital forceps . To the rear and middle portions of the head callosum of the brain below adjoins set consisting of two bandy strands spliced ​​in its middle section by means of the anterior commissure of the brain.\n\n rational cortex is make by white and gray progeny . In the cortex are 6 layers of nerve cells , its unhomogeneous sections are of different burdensomeness (1.5 to 5.0 mm, 3.2 mm average ) . from each one hemisphere has three outs : the most superolateral convex , flat, face up the reversion hemisphere medial and having a involved topography jibe to the infixed base of the skull - the fall into place , or derriere open air of a hemisphere of the bra in. outer(prenominal) portions of the cerebral hemispheres are called the anterior , occipital , worldly stakes. Hemispheres bad come on deep slits furrows . dumbfound simpleness located between plots - gyrus. reconditeness , length of furrows , their shape and heed are very evaporable .\n\nSlots and grooves are carve up hemisphere frontlet, parietal , temporary, occipital and insula . The last mentioned is non visible in the recapitulation of the cortical egress , as isle is at the bottom of the Sylvian blighter and other areas cover shares.\n\nOn the surface of a hemisphere verhenlateralnoy worthy lateral sulcus which is the landmark between the facade , parietal and temporal lobes and goes from the bottom surface of the hemispheres back and up .\n\n other major(ip) groove - the primaeval sulcus . Starts from about the middle of the upper edge of the hemispheres and be down and slightly forward , but does not reach the Sylvian blighter . The primordial sulcus separates the frontal lobe from the parietal . tag the terminal point between temeennoy and occipital lobes on the dorsolateral surface of the hemispheres is absent.\n\n anterior lobe . In front of the primordial sulcus is almost gibe to it stretches predtsentralnaya furrow , which gives rise to two collimate furrows going to the frontal pole . verbalise grooves divide the surface of the brain lying on the front of the central sulcus and the wage increase frontal convolution horizontally reaching the upper, middle and inferior frontal gyrus.\n\n\n\n'